Everything about Blackout Wartime totally explained
A
blackout in time of
war, or apprehended war, refers to the practice of collectively minimizing external
light, including upward-directed (or
reflected) light. This was done in the
20th century to keep the crews of enemy aircraft from being able to
navigate to their targets simply by sight. In coastal regions a
shore-side blackout of city lights would also help protect
ships from being seen and attacked by enemy
submarines farther out to sea.
Lights can simply be turned off or light can sometimes be minimized by
tarring the windows of large public structures.
These benefits against air attack are now largely nullified in the face of a technologically sophisticated enemy. As early as
World War II, aircraft were using
radio-beam navigation (see
battle of the beams) and targets were detected by air to ground
radar, for example
H2X. Today not only are
night vision goggles readily available to air crews, but sophisticated
satellite-based and
inertial navigation systems enable a static target to be found easily by either an aircraft or a
guided missile.
During the
Battle of the Atlantic in
World War II the German
U-boats were greatly aided in the "
second happy time" with the sinking of unescorted ships in American coastal waters, because the ships were back lit by coastal lights. In any naval war this would still be an advantage which a blackout would help to nullify.
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